原始南亞語
詞彙
原始南亞語詞彙：[2]
| 英文 | 中文 | 原始南亚语 |
|---|---|---|
| all | 全部 | *klɔʔ |
| all | 全部 | *tum |
| ashes | 火灰 | *bɔh, *buːh |
| bark | （狗）叫 | *-pɔːk |
| belly | 肚子 | *buŋ |
| middle | 中间 | *kluŋ |
| belly | 肚皮 | *wiəŋ |
| bird | 鸟 | *ciːm, *ceːm |
| to bite | 咬 | *kap |
| to bite | 咬 | *kat |
| to bleed | （流）血 | *saːm |
| to bleed | （流）血 | *ɟhaːm, *(b/m)haːm |
| bone | 骨头 | *cʔaːŋ |
| breast | 乳房 | *toːh |
| to ignite | 点（火） | *coːh |
| to ignite | 点（火） | *tɔːt, *tuːt |
| to burn | 烧 | *guːc |
| fingernail | 指甲 | *-rsiːm |
| cloud | 云 | *rməl |
| cloud(y) | 云（天） | *ʔuːt |
| cold | 冷 | *tkat |
| cold | 冷 | *ŋi(ə)t |
| to arrive | 到 | *truh |
| to die | 死 | *kceːt |
| dog | 狗 | *cɔːʔ |
| to drink | 喝 | *ʔuək |
| to suck, drink | 吸，喝 | *hoːc |
| dry | 干 | *raɲ |
| ear | 耳朵 | *-toːr |
| earth | 地 | *tiʔ |
| to eat | 吃 | *caːʔ |
| egg | 蛋 | *p(n)ləːŋ |
| egg | 蛋 | *-tap |
| egg | 蛋 | *ktam |
| eye | 眼睛 | *mat |
| fat, oil | 油 | *pri(ə)ŋ |
| fat, oil | 油 | *klaɲ |
| fire | 火 | *ʔuːs, *ʔɔːs |
| fish | 鱼 | *kaʔ |
| to fly | 飞 | *par |
| to fly | 飞 | *həːr |
| foot, leg | 脚 | *ɟəːŋ |
| full | 满 | *biːŋ; *beːɲ |
| to give | 给 | *ʔam |
| to give | 给 | *ʔa(ː)n |
| to give | 给 | *ʔVːj |
| good | 好 | *ləʔ, *lʔɔʔ |
| young, green | 年轻，绿 | *kciʔ |
| green | 绿 | *-ŋaːr |
| hair | 头发 | *suk, *sɔːk |
| hand, arm | 手 | *tiːʔ |
| to hear | 听 | *ktəŋ |
| to hear | 听 | *rməŋ |
| to hear | 听 | *saŋ |
| heart | 心 | *(p)nɔːs |
| horn | 角 | *draŋ |
| horn | 角 | *krəŋ |
| I | 我 | *ʔaɲ |
| to die | 死 | *krceːt |
| knee | 膝盖 | *-kuːl |
| to know | 知道 | *naŋ |
| leaf | 叶 | *slaʔ |
| liver | 肝 | *kləːm |
| liver | 肝 | *ris |
| high, long | 高，长 | *ɟroŋ, *ɟrɔŋ |
| long | 长 | *ɟləːŋ, *ɟliːŋ |
| louse | 头虱 | *ciːʔ |
| much, many | 多 | *gləŋ |
| flesh | 肉 | *sac |
| moon | 月亮 | *khaj |
| hill, mountain | 山 | *bruːʔ |
| hill | 山 | *bnəm |
| hill | 山 | *du(ə)l |
| mountain | 山 | *-mɔl |
| mouth, opening | 嘴巴 | *paːŋ |
| mouth | 嘴巴 | *mɔːɲ |
| nose, beak | 鼻子，喙 | *smuər |
| name | 名字 | *-məh |
| neck | 脖子 | *kɔʔ |
| nape | 颈 | *-kɔːŋ |
| throat | 喉咙 | *-lɔːŋ |
| new | 新 | *tmiːʔ |
| night | 夜 | *cəːm |
| night | 夜 | *-tam |
| nose | 鼻子 | *mɔːh, *muːh, *muːs |
| used up, lacking | 缺 | *ʔət |
| not | 不 | *ʔam |
| one | 一 | *diʔ |
| one | 一 | *muəj, *moːj |
| person | 人 | *ʔiːʔ |
| person | 人 | *mraʔ |
| rain | 雨 | *gmaʔ |
| sky, rain | 天，雨 | *briːʔ |
| red | 红 | *-saw |
| road, way | 路 | *kraʔ |
| road, way | 路 | *ɗeːŋ, *ɗiəŋ |
| road, way | 路 | *truːŋ,*trɔːŋ |
| road, way | 路 | *glɔːŋ |
| root | 根 | *riəs |
| round | 圆 | *wi(ə)l |
| sand | 沙子 | *ksa(ː)c |
| to see | 看 | *jɔl |
| to sit down | 坐下 | *ŋgu(ː)j |
| to sit, stay | 坐 | *-kuːʔ |
| skin | 皮肤 | *huːr |
| to lie down, sleep | 睡，躺 | *tiək |
| to lie down, sleep | 睡，躺 | *ɓic |
| small | 小 | *dit, *kɗi(ə)t |
| smoke (n.) | 烟 | *ptoʔ |
| to speak | 说 | *ŋaːj |
| to stand up | 站起来 | *dək |
| to stand | 站 | *ɟə(ː)ŋ, *ɟuːŋ |
| to stand | 站 | *taːw |
| star | 星星 | *s(ʔ)maɲ |
| stone | 石头 | *tmɔʔ |
| sun, day | 太阳，日 | *tŋiːʔ |
| to swim, wade | 游泳 | *loːj |
| tail | 尾巴 | *sntaʔ |
| stalk, tail | 茎，尾巴 | *-dɔːŋ |
| that (dist.) | 那 | *tiːʔ |
| that (med.) | 那 | *tɔʔ |
| 3rd person | 他 | *gi(ː)ʔ |
| this (prox.) | 这 | *niʔ; *neʔ |
| this; here | 这，这里 | *nɔ(ː)ʔ |
| you (sing.) | 你 | *miːʔ |
| tongue | 舌头 | *lntaːk |
| tooth | 牙齿 | *lmVɲ |
| tooth | 牙齿 | *sraŋ |
| tooth | 牙齿 | *p(i)əŋ |
| tree, wood | 树，木 | *ɟhuːʔ, *ɟhiːʔ |
| trunk, stem, tree | 树干，茎，树 | *tnəːm |
| two | 二 | *ɓaːr |
| hot | 热 | *toʔ |
| hot | 热 | *taɲ |
| warm | 温 | *(s)ʔ(a/ə)m |
| water | 水 | *ɗaːk |
| we (incl.) | 咱们 | *ʔiːʔ |
| we (excl.) | 我们 | *ʔjeːʔ |
| what | 什么 | *məh |
| white | 白 | *ɓɔːk |
| white | 白 | *-lɔːk |
| who | 谁 | *mVh |
| woman, female | 女 | *kan |
| wife | 妻子 | *k(-)duər |
| yellow | 黄 | *-ŋaːr |
参考
- Jenny, Mathias and Paul Sidwell, eds (2015). The Handbook of Austroasiatic Languages. Leiden: Brill.
- Sidwell, Paul and Felix Rau (2015). "Austroasiatic Comparative-Historical Reconstruction: An Overview." In: Jenny, Mathias and Paul Sidwell, eds (2015). The Handbook of Austroasiatic Languages. Leiden: Brill.
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