大青属
大青属[1](学名:)或海州常山屬[2]是唇形目唇形科的植物,本屬在1990年代之前,傳統上被歸類到馬鞭草科。多數種類是重要的草藥,其特殊的花形態亦是常見的園藝品種。
| 大青属 | |
|---|---|
![]() | |
| 爬藤大青 Clerodendron thomsoniae | |
| 科学分类 | |
| 界: | 植物界 Plantae |
| 演化支: | 被子植物 Angiosperms |
| 演化支: | 真双子叶植物 Eudicots |
| 演化支: | 菊类植物 Asterids |
| 目: | 唇形目 Lamiales |
| 科: | 唇形科 Lamiaceae |
| 亚科: | 筋骨草亚科 Ajugoideae |
| 属: | 大青属 Clerodendrum L., 1753 |
| 模式种 | |
| 欠愉大青 Clerodendrum infortunatum L., 1753 | |
| 多样性 | |
| 逾300种 | |
形態
灌木或小喬木,少見亞灌木或草本。直立,少見攀緣性。落葉性或常綠。小分枝幼時常呈四方莖(橫切面為四方形)。單葉對生,少見輪生。[1]
花序為稀疏的聚繖狀或頭狀,頂端生長,少見腋生的聚傘圓錐花序。萼鐘形或杯狀,5齒突或5裂瓣。花冠具細長花管,花瓣5枚,展開狀。雄蕊4枚,多少突出於花冠之外。子房4室,胚珠垂懸或著生於子房壁側邊。柱頭呈二瓣,尖。[1]
分类
大青屬約400種(或150種[3])下列為主要產於中國的品種。[1]
| No. | 學名 | 中文俗名 | 備註 | 图像 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Clerodendrum brachystemon | 短蕊大青 | - | |
| 2 | Clerodendrum bracteatum | 苞花大青 | - | |
| 3 | Clerodendrum bungei | 臭牡丹 | - | |
| 3-1 | Clerodendrum bungei var. bungei | 臭牡丹 | - | |
| 3-2 | Clerodendrum bungei var. megacalyx | 大萼臭牡丹 | - | |
| 4 | Clerodendrum canescens | 灰毛大青 | - | |
| 5 | Clerodendrum capitatum | - | - | |
| 6 | Clerodendrum chinense | 重瓣臭茉莉 | - | |
| 6-1 | Clerodendrum chinense var. chinense | 重瓣臭茉莉 | - | |
| 6-2 | Clerodendrum chinense var. simplex | 臭茉莉 | - | |
| 7 | Clerodendrum colebrookianum | 腺茉莉 | - | |
| 8 | Clerodendrum confine | 川黔大青 | - | |
| 9 | Clerodendrum cyrtophyllum | 大青 | - | |
| 9-1 | Clerodendrum cyrtophyllum var. cyrtophyllum | 大青 | - | |
| 9-2 | Clerodendrum cyrtophyllum var. kwangsiense | 广西大青 | - | |
| 10 | Clerodendrum ervatamioides | 狗牙大青 | - | |
| 11 | Clerodendrum fortunatum | 白花灯笼 | - | |
| 12 | Clerodendrum fragrans | - | - | |
| 13 | Clerodendrum garrettianum | 泰国垂茉莉 | - | |
| 14 | Clerodendrum glabrum | - | - | |
| 15 | Clerodendrum griffithianum | 西垂茉莉 | - | |
| 16 | Clerodendrum hainanense | 海南赬桐 | - | |
| 17 | Clerodendrum henryi | 南垂茉莉 | - | |
| 18 | Clerodendrum heterophyllum | - | - | |
| 19 | Clerodendrum indicum | 长管大青 | - | |
| 20 | Clerodendrum inerme | 苦郎树 | - | |
| 21 | Clerodendrum intermedium | 墾丁苦林盤 | - | |
| 22 | Clerodendrum japonicum | 赬桐 | - | ![]() |
| 23 | Clerodendrum kaichianum | 浙江大青 | - | |
| 24 | Clerodendrum kiangsiense | 江西大青 | - | |
| 25 | Clerodendrum kwangtungense | 广东大青 | - | |
| 26 | Clerodendrum laciniatum | - | - | |
| 27 | Clerodendrum lindleyi | 尖齿臭茉莉 | - | |
| 28 | Clerodendrum longilimbum | 长叶大青 | - | |
| 29 | Clerodendrum luteopunctatum | 黄腺大青 | - | |
| 30 | Clerodendrum mandarinorum | 海通 | - | |
| 31 | Clerodendrum paniculatum | 圆锥大青 | - | |
| 32 | Clerodendrum peii | 长梗大青 | - | |
| 33 | Clerodendrum quadriloculare | - | - | |
| 34 | Clerodendrum serratum | 三对节 | - | |
| 34-1 | Clerodendrum serratum var. amplexifolium | 三台花 | - | |
| 34-2 | Clerodendrum serratum var. herbaceum | 草本三对节 | - | |
| 34-3 | Clerodendrum serratum var. serratum | 三对节 | - | |
| 34-4 | Clerodendrum serratum var. wallichii | 大序三对节 | - | |
| 35 | Clerodendrum speciosissimum | - | - | |
| 36 | Clerodendrum subscaposum | 抽葶大青 | - | |
| 47 | Clerodendrum tibetanum | 西藏大青 | - | |
| 37 | Clerodendrum thomsoniae | 龍吐珠、爬藤大青 | 吐龍珠 | ![]() |
| 38 | Clerodendrum tomentosum | - | - | |
| 39 | Clerodendrum trichotomum | 海州常山 | - | |
| 39-1 | Clerodendrum trichotomum var. ferrugineum | 锈毛海州常山 | - | |
| 39-2 | Clerodendrum trichotomum var. trichotomum | 海州常山 | - | |
| 40 | Clerodendrum triplinerve | - | - | |
| 41 | Clerodendrum ugandense | 紫蝶花 | - | |
| 42 | Clerodendrum villosum | 绢毛大青 | - | |
| 43 | Clerodendrum wallichii | 垂茉莉 | - | |
| 44 | Clerodendrum yunnanense | 滇常山 | - |
參考文獻
- 大青屬,Flora of China Editorial Committee. 1994.第34頁。(擷取於2013-08-24)。
- 海州常山屬,Yang et al. 1998. 第416頁。(擷取於2013-08-24)。
- Lamiales(脣形目) 页面存档备份,存于,Stevens, P. F. (2001 onwards). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 12, July 2012.(擷取於2013-08-24)。
参考书目
- Flora of China Editorial Committee. 1994. Flora of China: Verbenaceae, Clerodendrum 页面存档备份,存于. 17: 34–43. In C. Y. Wu, P. H. Raven & D. Y. Hong (eds.) Fl. China. Science Press & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing & St. Louis.
- HSIAO, Ju-Ying. 1978. 127. Verbenaceae. Flora of Taiwan (台灣植物誌). 4: 420-425.
- Stevens, P. F. (2001 onwards). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website 页面存档备份,存于. Version 12, July 2012 [and more or less continuously updated since]. (cached 2013.08.24)
- YANG Yuen-Po , LU Sheng-You and CHEN Tien-Tsai. 1998. 127. Verbenaceae. Flora of Taiwan, second edition (台灣植物誌第二版). 4: 416-420.
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