崖豆藤属

崖豆藤属（学名：Millettia），是豆科蝶形花亞科下的一个属，为乔木或灌木植物。该属共有约150种，分布于热带和亚热带地区，例如牛大力（又稱「美麗崖豆藤」；Snowy Millettia）[3]。

崖豆藤属
Millettia laurentii, foliage and flowers
科学分类
界： 植物界 Plantae
演化支： 被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支： 真双子叶植物 Eudicots
演化支： 蔷薇类植物 Rosids
目： 豆目 Fabales
科： 豆科 Fabaceae
亚科： 蝶形花亚科 Faboideae
族： 崖豆藤族 Millettieae
属： 崖豆藤属 Millettia
Wight & Arn., 1834[1]
物種

見內文

異名

Milletia[2]

簡述

In 1834, in Prodromus Florae Peninsulae Indiae Orientalis Robert Wight and George Arnott Walker-Arnott describe Millettia as:

Calyx cup-shaped, lobed or slightly toothed. Corolla papilionaceous: vexillum recurved, broad, emarginate, glabrous or silky on the back. Stamens diadelphous (9 and 1), the tenth quite distinct. Legume flat, elliptic or lanceolate, pointed, coriaceous, thick margined, wingless indehiscent, 1-2 seeded: valves closely cohering with each other all round the seeds and between them. Twining or arboreous. Leaves very large, unequally pinnated: leaflets opposite, with a setaceous partial stipule at the base of each partial petiole. Racemes axillary, more or less branched and compound. Flowers pretty large, purplish, pedicelled on shortish diverging partial peduncles.[4]

Etymology

Long known to residents of the Indies, China, and Africa, this species has had many traditional names. One of the oldest references in traditional Chinese medicine is in Bencao Gangmu Shiyi ("Supplement to Compendium of Materia Medica") where is called jixueteng. The Chinese name literally translates to "stem of chicken's blood" which refers to the red resin present in the stems of several climbing legume shrubs.[5]

In the 1820s-1830s Charles Millett, a plant collector and an official with the East India Company, collected many samples of Millettia while living in Canton and Macao. He sent them to the University of Glasgow's Botanical Garden. In 1834, Robert Wight and George Arnott Walker-Arnott, both Scottish botanists, published Prodromus Florae Peninsulae Indiae Orientalis where the genus Millettia is first mentioned. The authors named the genus after Charles Millett, incorrectly referring to him as Dr. Charles Millett.[4]Charles Millett of the East India Company has often been confused with Charles Millet, a French ichthyologist, who was active around the same time.[6]In addition J. A. Millet, a French botanist from the 18th century, is often misattributed as the source.[7]

用途

水黄皮(（）的種子可供榨油，油含量約為重量的25%，在印度為生物柴油的原料[8][9]。

物種

本屬原來有更多物種，後來昆明鸡血藤属（）從本屬獨立出去，帶走了不少物種。下列為現時本屬尚餘的部分物種：

  • Millettia aurea
  • Millettia brandisiana
  • Millettia bussei
  • Millettia capuronii
  • Millettia conraui
  • Millettia decipiens
  • Millettia duchesnei
  • Millettia elongistyla
  • Millettia eriocarpa
  • Millettia galliflagrans
  • Millettia grandis – Umzimbeet
  • Millettia hitsika
  • Millettia lacus-alberti
  • Millettia laurentii – Wengé
  • Millettia leucantha
  • Millettia macrophylla
  • Millettia micans
  • Millettia mossambicensis
  • Millettia nathaliae
  • 亮叶崖豆藤(（）
  • Millettia orientalis
  • 厚果崖豆藤(（）
  • Millettia peguensis
  • 水黄皮(（）
  • Millettia psilopetela
  • Millettia pterocarpa
  • Millettia richardiana
  • Millettia sacleuxii
  • Millettia schliebenii
  • Millettia semsei
  • Millettia sericantha
  • Millettia stuhlmannii – Panga panga
  • Millettia sutherlandii
  • Millettia taolanaroensis
  • Millettia thonningii
  • Millettia unifoliata
  • Millettia usaramensis – Lesser millettia
  • Millettia utilis
  • Millettia warneckei

牛大力之中醫療用

其根可入藥，味甘、性平，能舒筋活絡、補脾潤肺。

参考文献
  1. Millettia Wight & Arn. 的存檔，存档日期2010-05-29., Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN)
  2. . International Plant Names Index. [2010-04-06]. （原始内容存档于2011-02-24） （英语）.
  3. . 中国数字植物标本馆. （原始内容存档于2012-04-11）.
  4. Wight, Robert; Arnott, George Arnott Walker. . 1834: 263.
  5. Subhuti Dharmananda. .
  6. M. Charters. . [2016-04-29]. （原始内容存档于2017-09-10）.
  7. Sue Eland. (PDF). [2016-04-29]. （原始内容存档 (PDF)于2018-12-09）.
  8. (PDF). 台灣林業期刊. 2011-12 [2012-02-14]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2013-07-31）.
  9. Scott, Paul T.; Pregelj, Lisette; Chen, Ning; Hadler, Johanna S.; Djordjevic, Michael A.; Gresshoff, Peter M., , BioEnergy Research, 2008, 1: 2, doi:10.1007/s12155-008-9003-0

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