网足虫属
网足虫属(學名:Gromia)是絲足蟲門的一個屬,為單細胞生物,棲息在淡水或海水中,本屬生物形似變形蟲,有一蛋白質組成的蜂窩狀殼體將細胞質包覆,並有許多偽足從殼體表面的孔洞中伸出,可互相交連形成網狀結構[1],用以爬行移動[2]。本屬物種的直徑介於0.4-30毫米間,細胞質中具有Stercomata(排泄物)與礦物顆粒[3],殼體形狀多變,有球型者(G. oviformis),也有梨形者(G. pyriforminis),常作為本屬物種的分類依據。本屬生物可行無性生殖與有性生殖[4]。
网足虫属 | |
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网足虫(1)與其他有孔蟲界的生物(2-7) | |
科学分类 ![]() | |
门: | 丝足虫门 Cercozoa |
纲: | 网足虫纲 Gromiidea |
目: | 网足虫目 Gromiida |
科: | 网虫足科 Gromiidae |
属: | 网足虫属 Gromia Dujardin, 1835 |
本屬最早被發現的物種為G. oviformis,於1835年在英國海邊的潮間帶被發現[5],1990年代起開始有多種深海中的網足蟲被發現,包括生存在4392公尺深處者[6],深海的網足蟲可能在碳循環[7] 與氮循環(反硝化反應)[8]中扮演一定角色。有研究顯示本屬的一深海物種圓球網足蟲可在海床上留下爬痕,與複雜多細胞動物所留下的遺跡化石類似,使考古學家懷疑此類化石是否能當作多細胞動物存在的依據[9] 。
參考文獻
- Longet, D., Burki, F., Flakowski, J., Berney, C., Polet, S., Fahrni, J., & Pawlowski, J. (2004). Multigene evidence for close evolutionary relations between Gromia and foraminifera. Acta Protozoologica, 43(4), 303–311.
- Matz, M. V., Frank, T. M., Marshall, N. J., Widder, E. A., & Johnsen, S. (2008). Giant Deep-Sea Protist Produces Bilaterian-like Traces. Current Biology, 18(23), 1849–1854. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2008.10.028
- Rothe, N., Gooday, A. J., Cedhagen, T., & Alan Hughes, J. (2011). Biodiversity and distribution of the genus Gromia (Protista, Rhizaria) in the deep Weddell Sea (Southern Ocean). Polar Biology, 34(1), 69–81. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-010-0859-z
- ARNOLD, Z. M. (1966). Observations on the Sexual Generation of Gromia oviformis Dujardin. The Journal of Protozoology, 13(1), 23–27. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1966.tb01863.x
- Hayward, B. W., Le Coze, F., & Gross, O. (2018). World Foraminifera Database. Gromia Dujardin. Retrieved February 26, 2020, from http://www.marinespecies.org/foraminifera/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=111984
- Rothe, N., Gooday, A. J., Cedhagen, T., & Alan Hughes, J. (2011). Biodiversity and distribution of the genus Gromia (Protista, Rhizaria) in the deep Weddell Sea (Southern Ocean). Polar Biology, 34(1), 69–81. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-010-0859-z
- Rothe, N., Gooday, A. J., Cedhagen, T., & Alan Hughes, J. (2011). Biodiversity and distribution of the genus Gromia (Protista, Rhizaria) in the deep Weddell Sea (Southern Ocean). Polar Biology, 34(1), 69–81. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-010-0859-z
- Høgslund, S., Cedhagen, T., Bowser, S. S., & Risgaard-Petersen, N. (2017). Sinks and Sources of Intracellular Nitrate in Gromiids. Frontiers in Microbiology, 8(APR), 617. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.00617
- Matz, M. V., Frank, T. M., Marshall, N. J., Widder, E. A., & Johnsen, S. (2008). Giant Deep-Sea Protist Produces Bilaterian-like Traces. Current Biology, 18(23), 1849–1854. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2008.10.028
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