莧科
莧科[註 1]（学名：）包括160属大约2,400种植物，多为草本或灌木，稀有乔木或藤本[1][2]。
| 莧科 化石时期：第三纪–現代 | |
|---|---|
 | |
| 紫莖牛膝（Achyranthes splendens var. rotundata） | |
科学分类  | |
| 界： | 植物界 Plantae |
| 演化支： | 被子植物 Angiosperms |
| 演化支： | 真双子叶植物 Eudicots |
| 目： | 石竹目 Caryophyllales |
| 科： | 莧科 Amaranthaceae Juss., 1789 |
| 亞科 | |
| |
莧科广泛分布在全世界，一般分布在亚热带和热带地区，但也有许多种也分布在温带甚至寒温带地区[1][2]。
2003年的APG II 分类法将藜科合并到苋科中来，两者的唯一区别是苋科花被膜质，藜科附着粉状或皮屑状物；苋科蒴果，藜科胞果[1][2]。
不包括藜科的苋科仅有65属大约900种，大部分生活在热带非洲和北美洲，许多品种可以在盐碱地生长，有的品种是杂草，也有花卉品种。如鸡冠花、千日红和老来少等[1][2]。
屬列表
| 亞科 | 屬 |
|---|---|
| Amaranthoideae | Achyranthes, Achyropsis, Aerva, Allmania, Allmaniopsis, Amaranthus, Arthraerua, Bosea, Calicorema, Celosia, Centema, Centemopsis, Centrostachys, Chamissoa, Charpentiera, Chionothrix, Cyathula, Dasysphaera, Deeringia, Digera, Eriostylos, Henonia, Herbstia, Hermbstaedtia, Indobanalia, Kelita, Kyphocarpa, Lagrezia, Lecosia, Leucosphaera, Lopriorea, Marcelliopsis,Mechowia, Nelsia, Neocentema, Nothosaerva, Nyssanthes, Omegandra, Pandiaka, Pleuropetalum, Pleuropterantha, Polyrhabda, Pseudosericocoma, Psilotrichopsis, Psilotrichum, Ptilotus, Pupalia, Rosifax, Saltia, Sericocoma, Sericocomopsis, Sericorema, Sericostachys, Stilbanhtus, Trichuriella, Volkensinia, Wadithamnus |
| Gomphrenoideae | Alternanthera, Blutaparon, Froelichia, Froelichiella, Gomphrena, Gossypianthus, Guilleminea, Hebanthe, Hebanthodes, Irenella, Iresine, Lithophila, Pedersenia, Pfaffia, Pseudogomphrena, Pseudoplantago, Quaternella, Tidestromia, Woehleria, Xerosiphon |
| Betoideae | Acroglochin, Aphanisma, Beta, Hablitzia, Oreobliton, Patellifolia |
| Camphorosmoideae | Bassia, Camphorosma, Chenolea, Didymanthus, Dissocarpus, Enchylaena, Eokochia, Eremophea, Eriochiton, Grubovia, Maireana, Malacocera, Neobassia, Neokochia, Osteocarpum, Roycea, Sclerolaena, Sedobassia, Spirobassia, Threlkeldia |
| Chenopodioideae | Archiatriplex, Atriplex, Axyris, Baolia, Blitum, Ceratocarpus, Chenopodiastrum, Chenopodium, Cycloloma, Dysphania, Exomis, Extriplex, Grayia, Halimione, Holmbergia, Krascheninnikovia, Lipandra, Manochlamys, Microgynoecium, Micromonolepis, Oxybasis, Proatriplex, Spinacia, Stutzia, Suckleya, Teloxys |
| Corispermoideae | Agriophyllum, Anthochlamys, Corispermum |
| Polycnemoideae | Hemichroa, Nitrophila, Polycnemum, Surreya |
| Salicornioideae | Allenrolfea, Arthrocnemum, Halocnemum, Halopeplis, Halostachys, Heterostachys, Kalidium, Microcnemum, Salicornia, Sarcocornia, Tecticornia |
| Salsoloideae | Anabasis, Arthrophytum, Caroxylon, Climacoptera, Cornulaca, Cyathobasis, Fredolia, Girgensohnia, Halarchon, Halimocnemis, Halocharis, Halogeton, Halothamnus, Haloxylon, Hammada, Horaninowia, Iljinia, Kali, Kaviria, Lagenantha, Nanophyton, Noaea, Nucularia, Ofaiston, Petrosimonia, Piptoptera, Physandra, Pyankovia, Rhaphidophyton, Salsola, Sympegma, Traganum, Traganopsis, Turania, Xylosalsola |
| Suaedoideae | Bienertia, Suaeda |
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