頭狀骨

頭狀骨（capitate bone）是人類掌骨中最大的一塊，為腕骨中央的骨頭。較圓的一端位於手舟骨及月骨所組成的凹槽上[1]。

頭狀骨
左手掌面觀，紅色部分為頭狀骨。
左手頭狀骨
左：尺骨連接面（小指側）
右：橈骨側（大拇指側）
细节
屬於腕骨
识别标示
拉丁语Os capitatum; os magnum
MeSHD051224
TA98A02.4.08.011
TA21258
FMAFMA:23727
格雷氏p.226
骨骼解剖学术语

許多哺乳類動物身上也可以找到這塊骨頭，與爬蟲類及兩棲類身上的第三遠端腕骨為同源構造。

構造

頭狀骨是腕骨中最大的一塊[2]，位於腕骨遠端列。頭狀骨的旁邊接的是無名指掌骨，，尺骨側連接的是鉤骨，橈側連接三角骨，腕側結月骨跟手舟骨。[3]:708–709

表面

The superior surface is round, smooth, and articulates with the lunate bone.[1]

The inferior surface is divided by two ridges into three facets, for articulation with the second, third, and fourth metacarpal bones, that for the third being the largest.[1]

The dorsal surface is broad and rough.[1]

The palmar surface is narrow, rounded, and rough, for the attachment of ligaments and a part of the adductor pollicis muscle.[1]

The lateral surface articulates with the lesser multangular by a small facet at its anterior inferior angle, behind which is a rough depression for the attachment of an interosseous ligament. Above this is a deep, rough groove, forming part of the neck, and serving for the attachment of ligaments; it is bounded superiorly by a smooth, convex surface, for articulation with the scaphoid bone.[1]

The medial surface articulates with the hamate bone by a smooth, concave, oblong facet, which occupies its posterior and superior parts; it is rough in front, for the attachment of an interosseous ligament.[1]

變形

The capitate bone variably articulates with the metacarpal of the index finger.[2]

骨化

頭狀骨的骨化始於1至5個月大時。[4]

功能

為構成腕骨的一部分。[3]:708

歷史

辭源來自於拉丁文的「頭」（拉丁語：）。[5]

附加圖像
  • 左手頭狀骨示意圖（紅色部分）
  • 左手頭狀骨近觀圖（紅色部分）
  • 左手頭狀骨，尺骨面觀（小指面觀）
  • 左手頭狀骨，橈骨面觀（大拇指面）
  • Right hand posterior view (dorsal view). Thumb on bottom.
  • Right hand anterior view (palmar view). Thumb on top.
  • Capitate bone shown in yellow. Left hand. Palmar surface.
  • Capitate bone shown in yellow. Left hand. Dorsal surface.
  • Transverse section across the wrist (palm on top, thumb on left). Capitate bone shown in yellow.
  • Cross section of wrist (thumb on left). Capitate shown in red.

參見
维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源：頭狀骨

本條目使用了部分解剖術語，概述請參閱這裡。

參見

本條目包含來自屬於公共領域版本的《格雷氏解剖學》之內容，而其中有些資訊可能已經過時。

  1. Gray's Anatomy (1918). See infobox.
  2. Eathorne, SW. . Primary care. Mar 2005, 32 (1): 17–33. PMID 15831311. doi:10.1016/j.pop.2004.11.009.
  3. Drake, Richard L.; Vogl, Wayne; Tibbitts, Adam W.M. Mitchell; illustrations by Richard; Richardson, Paul. . Philadelphia: Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone. 2005. ISBN 978-0-8089-2306-0.
  4. Balachandran, Ajay; Kartha, Moumitha; Krishna, Anooj; Thomas, Jerry; K, Prathilash; TN, Prem; GK, Libu; B, Krishnan; John, Liza. . Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology. 2014, 8 (2): 218–224 [18 August 2014]. ISSN 0973-9130. doi:10.5958/0973-9130.2014.00720.8. （原始内容存档于2019-12-10）.
  5. Harper, Douglas. . Online Etymology Dictionary. [5 January 2014].
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.